Abstract: Objective To investigate the etiology and prognosis of portal vein thrombosis(PVT) after liver transplantation(LTx). Methods The clinical data of 401 orthotopic liver transplantation patients in our center were reviewed and the etiology of PVT after LTx was analyzed. Results The incidence of PVT was 3.7% (15/401) in 15 LTx patients, including 9 males and 6 females, with an average age of 50.8 years (35-63 years). There were 9 cases of hepatitis B cirrhosis, 1 case of hepatitis C cirrhosis, 1 case of hepatitis B-C overlapping infection cirrhosis, 2 cases of autoimmune hepatitis cirrhosis, 1 case of hepatic lenticular degeneration, and 1 case of alcoholic cirrhosis.Among the 15 patients with PVT, 12 cases had preoperative thrombosis(80%), 4 cases had splenectomy or splenic embolization operation history(26.7%), and 3 cases had portal-luminal shunt(20%).After effective treatment, the thrombosis was significantly relieved. Conclusion PVT is a rare vascular complication after LTx. Color Doppler Ultrasonography is the first choice and effective method for monitoring portal vein complications. Early detection and individualized treatment can achieve safe and effective efficacy.

Key words: Liver transplantation, Portal vein embolism, Complication