Clinical value analysis of serum macrophage inhibitory factor-1 level in patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) genotype 1b

Abstract

Abstract: Objective To investigate the effect of macrophage inhibitory factor-1 (MIC-1) level on chronic hepatitis C (CHC) genotype 1b by selecting appropriate cases.Methods A retrospective analysis of 84 patients with type 1b CHC from January 2016 to March 2019 was conducted, and the diagnosis of CHC was confirmed according to the standard scheme of CHC. All patients treated with pegylated interferon plus ribavirin, and different virological responses of patients were compared by univariate and multivariate analysis.Results Among the 84 patients with type 1b CHC, 61 cases had virological responses while 23 cases did not. The age of the responding group [45 (37, 55) years] in this study was significantly higher than that of the non-responding group [36 (33, 44) years, P<0.05]. The levels of ALT, AST, PⅢNP, CⅣ and MIC-1 in the responding group were 40 (15, 82) U/L, 37 (18, 94) U/L, 27.0 (10.1, 114.6) ng/mL, 28.4 (11.5, 108.4) ng/mL and 298.8(145.2, 746.8) pg/mL, which were significantly lower than those in the non-responding group [56 (26, 122) U/L, 49 (22, 120) U/L, 33.7 (11.3, 160.6) ng/mL, 36.7 (14.1, 170.1) ng/mL and 646.3 (156.7, 1540.3) pg/mL, P<0.05]. The MIC-1 [714.8 (171.0, 1582.1) pg/mL] of 84 patients with type 1b CHC before treatment was significantly higher than that after treatment [365.0 (159.9, 1004.0) pg/mL, P<0.05]. The MIC-1 of the response group before treatment [720.4 (184.7, 570.1) pg/mL] was also significantly higher than that after treatment [298.8 (145.2, 746.8) pg/mL, P<0.05]. However, there was no significant difference in the non-responding group before and after treatment [710.9 (161.2, 1532.7) pg/mL vs 646.3(156.7, 1540.3) pg/mL, P>0.05]. Taking the virological response status of patients with type 1b CHC as the dependent variable, multivariate Cox regression analysis was carried out on the data (age, ALT, AST, PⅢNP, C-Ⅳ and MIC-1) which were different in single factor analysis. The results showed that MIC-1 was an independent risk factor [HR=5.31 (95%CI: 2.74 ~ 11.52), P=0.008], which affected type 1b CHC.Conclusion Serum MIC-1 level is an independent risk factor that affects the virological response of patients with type 1b CHC and may be a potential diagnostic marker of HCV infection.

Key words: Chronic hepatitis C genotype 1b, Macrophage inhibitory factor-1, Virological response

SONG Jie, NIE Hong, CHI Hui, GUO Rui-fang. Clinical value analysis of serum macrophage inhibitory factor-1 level in patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) genotype 1b[J]. Chinese Hepatolgy, 2023, 28(8): 950-952.

References

[1] European Association for Study of Liver. EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines: management of hepatitis C virus infection. J Hepatol, 2014, 60(2):392-420.
[2] Brady RR, Ventham NT, Roberts DM, et al. Open transversus abdominis plane block and analgesic requirements in patients following right hemicolectomy. Ann R Coll Surg Engl, 2012, 94(5):327-330.
[3] Li M, Duan L, Cai YL, et al. Growth differentiation factor-15 is associated with cardiovascular outcomes in patients with coronary artery disease. Cardiovasc Diabetol, 2020, 19(1):120.
[4] Vocka M, Langer D, Fryba V, et al. Growth/differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) as new potential serum marker in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. Cancer Biomark, 2018, 21(4):869-874.
[5] Liu X, Chi X, Gong Q, et al. Association of serum level of growth differentiation factor 15 with liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. PLoS One, 2015, 10(5):e0127518.
[6] 中华医学会肝病学分会和感染病学分会. 丙型肝炎防治指南(2019年更新版). 实用肝脏病杂志, 2020, 23(1):S33-S52.
[7] Shah H, Bilodeau M, Burak KW, et al. The management of chronic hepatitis C: 2018 guideline update from the Canadian association for the study of the liver. CMA J, 2018, 190 (22):E677-E687.
[8] Hsiao EC, Koniaris LG, Zimmers-Koniaris T, et al. Characterization of growth-differentiation factor 15, a transforming growth factor beta superfamily member induced following liver injury. Mol Cell Biol, 2000, 20:3742-3751.
[9] Lee ES, Kim SH, Kim HJ, et al. Growth differentiation factor 15 predicts chronic liver disease severity. Gut Liver, 2017, 11(2):276-282.
[10] Si Y, Liu X, Cheng M, et al. Growth differentiation factor 15 is induced by hepatitis C virus infection and regulates hepatocellular carcinoma-related genes. PLoS One, 2011, 6(5):e19967.
[11] Abou Zaghla HMA, El Sebai AA, Ahmed OA, et al. Growth differentiation factor 15: an emerging diagnostic biomarker of liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C patients. Egypt Liver J, 2021, 11(1):6.
[12] Atsukawa M, Tsubota A, Toyoda H, et al. Efficacy and safety of elbasvir/grazoprevir for Japanese patients with genotype 1b chronic hepatitis C complicated by chronic kidney disease, including those undergoing hemodialysis: a post hoc analysis of a multicenter study. J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2019, 34(2):364-369.
[13] Cabalak M, Bal T, Onlen Y, et al. Incidence and predictors of direct-acting antiviral treatment failure in Turkish patients with chronic hepatitis C genotype 1b infection. Trop Doct, 2020, 50(2):141-146.