Abstract: Objective To analyze the clinical efficacy and outcome of chronic hepatitis B patients with double-positive hepatitis B virus surface antigen and antibody treated with different antiviral regimens.Methods Sixty-five chronic hepatitis B patients with double-positive hepatitis B virus surface antigen and antibody admitted to Jiangsu Shengze Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University between February 2020 and June 2023 were divided into an interferon group (n=30) and an entecavir group (n=35) according to the patients' treatment modality. The clinical efficacy and outcome of the two groups were compared.Results In the entecavir combined with interferon group, the decrease in hepatitis B e antigen, the rate of hepatitis B e antigen reversion, and the rate of glutamate reversion were (1.29±0.65) PEIU/mL, 85.7%, and 85.7%, respectively, which were better than those of (0.96±0.36) PEIU/mL, 33.3%, and 43.3% in the interferon group; the decrease in hepatitis B e antibody, the decrease in hepatitis B virus deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), and the rate of hepatitis B virus DNA reversion in the interferon group were (0.15±0.03) PEIU/mL, (4.27±2.10) U/mL and 83.3%, respectively, which were better than those of (0.06±0.02) PEIU/mL, (3.12±1.12) U/mL and 57.1% in the entecavir combined with interferon group (P<0.05); After treatment, the percentage of hepatitis B e antigen conversion and hepatitis B e antibody positivity in the interferon group was 83.3%, which was significantly higher than that of 42.9% in the entecavir combined with interferon group (P<0.05).Conclusion Treating chronic hepatitis B patients who are double positive for hepatitis B virus surface antigen and antibody with antiviral regimens, especially interferon therapy, is the key to improve the effective rate.

Key words: Antiviral therapy, Hepatitis B surface antigen, Anti-hepatitis B, Chronic hepatitis B