Abstract: Objective To explore the risk factors for the progression of hepatolithiasis to intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). Methods 150 patients with hepatolithiasis admitted to our hospital from November 2017 to November 2019 were included. The clinical data of the patients were collected and divided into ICC group and non ICC group according to their progress to ICC. By comparing the clinical characteristics of the two groups, the logistic regression model was used to analyze the multiple factors that lead to ICC. Results Of the 150 participants, 39 (26.00%) developed ICC and 111 (74.00%) did not. In ICC group, the history of choledochojejunostomy, the course of cirrhosis, hepatolithiasis ≥ 10 years, the proportion of diabetes was significantly higher than that in non ICC group, while the proportion of complete stone removal was significantly lower than that in non ICC group (P<0.05).Logistic regression model showed that the history of choledochojejunostomy, cirrhosis, the course of hepatolithiasis ≥ 10 years, diabetes mellitus were the risk factors for the progression of hepatolithiasis to ICC (P<0.05), and the complete removal of stones was the protective factor to prevent the progression to ICC (P<0.05). Conclusion The progression of hepatolithiasis to ICC is related to a variety of factors, including the history of choledochojejunostomy, cirrhosis, the course of hepatolithiasis, diabetes, and thorough removal of stones can reduce the risk of ICC.

Key words: Hepatolithiasis, Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, History of choledochojejunostomy, Cirrhosis, Risk factors