Abstract: Objective To investigate the situation of HBsAg carriers in children aged 0~6 years in Tibet, and to provide reference for hepatitis B vaccination, health education and mother-to-child transmission in children in Tibet.Methods A total of 32,927 children under 6 years of age in Tibet were included in this study by random sampling method from January 2021 to July 2022. Venous blood samples of the children and their mothers were collected for HBsAg screening by Colloidal gold test method. Results 1313 (3.99%) children and 2626 (7.98%) mothers were HBsAg positive carriers in this group. The positive rate of HBsAg in male and female children was 4.07% and 3.86%, respectively, with no significant difference. The positive rate of HBsAg in children of different ages was different. The positive rate of HBsAg in children of 2~3 years old was the lowest. The positive rate of HBsAg in children of less than 3 years old gradually increased with the decreasing of age, and the positive rate of HBsAg in children of over 3 years old gradually increased with the increasing of age. The positive rate of HBsAg in children without hepatitis B vaccination (6.27%) was significantly higher than that in children with hepatitis B vaccination (3.81%). The positive rate of HBsAg in children with HBsAg positive mothers (36.97%) was significantly higher than that in children with HBsAg negative mothers (1.13%). Conclusion The positive rate of HBsAg in children aged 0 to 6 years is generally high in Tibet, and the immunization plan of hepatitis B needs to be strengthened, especially for the children who haven′t received hepatitis B vaccine and the children whose mothers are HBsAg positive.

Key words: Children, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis B surface antigen, Tibet