肝硬化食管胃静脉曲张出血的内镜治疗进展

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 食管胃静脉曲张(GOV)是各种原因导致的门静脉系统压力升高、静脉回流受阻,一旦发生食管胃静脉曲张破裂出血(EVB)则病情凶险,常常危及患者生命。故内镜筛查、预防首次出血、急诊止血以及止血后的二级预防在防治食管胃静脉曲张破裂出血中显得非常重要。目前,一线的内镜下治疗EVB的方法主要有食管曲张静脉套扎术(EVL)、食管胃静脉曲张硬化剂注射治疗(EIS)、组织胶注射治疗(GVO)及联合治疗等,除此之外,还有近些年新兴的胃镜下精准断流术(ESVD),以及联合透明帽、金属钛夹及超声内镜(EUS)的应用等。这些方法止血效果确切、并发症较少,具有各自的优缺点,EVB的治疗目的是尽可能提高患者的止血成功率,降低再出血率,减少并发症的发生。本文就近年来有关内镜治疗 GOV 患者的研究进展综述如下,旨为临床医师选择合适的治疗方法对患者进行治疗提供参考。

关键词: 食管胃静脉曲张, 食管胃静脉曲张破裂出血, 预防, 治疗, 纤维胃镜

陈冲, 刘平, 慕永平. 肝硬化食管胃静脉曲张出血的内镜治疗进展[J]. 肝脏, 2021, 26(10): 1184-1187.

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