口服抗病毒药物治疗SARS-CoV-2的可行性及伦理问题

肝脏 ›› 2022, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (4): 405-408.

• COVID-19专题 • 上一篇下一篇

口服抗病毒药物治疗SARS-CoV-2的可行性及伦理问题

钱聪, 谢青

200025 上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院感染科

收稿日期:2022-04-28 发布日期:2022-06-02
通讯作者: 谢青,Email:xieqingrjh@163.com
基金资助:
上海市临床重点专科(感染病学)( shslczdzk01103);国家自然科学基金(81770587,82070604,82000588);“十三五”科技部重大专项(2017ZX10203201-008,2018ZX09201016-003-001, 2017ZX10202202-005-004)

Received:2022-04-28 Published:2022-06-02

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 最早出现的两种口服抗病毒药物Molnupiravir和Nirmatrelvir-ritonavir(Paxlovid)已经逐渐开始用于治疗COVID-19的非住院轻型和普通型患者。在患者确诊感染SARS-CoV-2且出现临床症状后, 5 d内应予以开具这两种口服处方药。但是因为这两种药物数量有限以及一些人为因素,口服抗病毒药物的使用至今仍未普及。卫生部门需要制定相应政策来确定口服抗病毒药物的适应证,该政策需要基于5项伦理原则:透明性、相关性、可申诉性、可执行性以及公平性。目前,一项随机对照试验(RCT)研究结果已经支持了在未接种疫苗的COVID-19患者中使用口服抗病毒药物,因此在新的研究结果出现前,这些药物应当仅在未接种新冠疫苗的患者中使用,但是实际上在使用口服抗病毒药物的国家中(英国和美国),所有感染COVID-19的患者在符合适应证的前提下都可以使用这些药物。此外,Molnupiravir和Nirmatrelvir-ritonavir是否对SARS-CoV-2-Omicron变异株有效也是亟待需要探索的。一旦Molnupiravir和Nirmatrelvir-ritonavir在全世界广泛使用,必须确保有足够的疗效和安全性,且卫生部门必须正确使用这些抗病毒药物。

关键词: COVID-19, 口服抗病毒药物, Molnupiravir, Paxlovid, 伦理

钱聪, 谢青. 口服抗病毒药物治疗SARS-CoV-2的可行性及伦理问题[J]. 肝脏, 2022, 27(4): 405-408.

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口服抗病毒药物治疗SARS-CoV-2的可行性及伦理问题

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