[1] Wu A, Jiang XY. p21-Activated kinases as promising therapeutic targets in hematological malignancies. Leukemia,2021,36(2):315-326. [2] Bokoch GM. Biology of the p21-activated kinases. Annu Rev Biochem, 2003, 72: 743-781. [3] Zhou Q, Gu T, Zhang Y, et al. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate hepatic stellate cell activation and liver fibrosis by upregulating microRNA-455-3p through Suppression of p21-activated kinase-2. BioMed Res Int, 2021, 2021:6685605. [4] Ruan P, Dai X, Sun J, et al. Integration of hepatitis B virus DNA into p21-activated kinase 3 (PAK3) gene in HepG2.2.15 cells. Virus Genes, 2020, 56(2): 168-173. [5] Mao Y, Han CY, Hao L, et al. p21-activated kinase 4 inhibition protects against liver ischemia/reperfusion injury: Role of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 phosphorylation. Hepatology, 2022, 76(2): 345-356. [6] Manser E, Leung T, Salihuddin H, et al. A brain serine/threonine protein kinase activated by Cdc42 and Rac1. Nature, 1994, 367(6458): 40-46. [7] Rane CK, Minden A. P21 activated kinases: structure, regulation, and functions. Small GTPases, 2014, 5: e28003. [8] Zhao ZS, Manser E. PAK family kinases: physiological roles and regulation. Cell Logist, 2012, 2(2): 59-68. [9] Coleman N, Kissil J. Recent advances in the development of p21-activated kinase inhibitors. Cell Logist, 2012, 2(2):132–135. [10] Kreis P, Barnier JV. PAK signalling in neuronal physiology. Cell Signal, 2009, 21(3): 384-393. [11] Qiu X, Xu H, Wang K, et al. P-21 activated kinases in liver disorders. Cancers(Basel), 2023: 15(2):551. [12] Liu H, Liu K, Dong Z. The role of p21-activated kinases in cancer and beyond: where are we heading? Front Cell Dev Biol, 2021, 9: 641381. [13] Jaffer ZM, Chernoff J. p21-activated kinases: three more join the Pak. Int J Biochem Cell Biol, 2002, 34(7):713-717. [14] Chan CH, Chiou LW, Lee TY, et al. PAK and PI3K pathway activation confers resistance to KRAS(G12C) inhibitor sotorasib. Br J Cancer, 2023, 128(1): 148-159. [15] Higuchi M, Onishi K, Kikuchi C, et al. Scaffolding function of PAK in the PDK1-Akt pathway. Nat Cell Biol, 2008, 10(11): 1356-1364. [16] Muhammad Azami NA, Abdullah N, Kamalul Ariffin AS, et al. Hepatitis B and influenza vaccination coverage in healthcare workers, the elderly, and patients with diabetes in Malaysia. Hum Vaccin Immunother, 2023,19(1): 2170660. [17] Chen J, Siddiqui A. Hepatitis B virus X protein stimulates the mitochondrial translocation of Raf-1 via oxidative stress. J Virol, 2007, 81(12): 6757-6760. [18] Xu J, Liu H, Chen L, et al. Hepatitis B virus X protein confers resistance of hepatoma cells to anoikis by up-regulating and activating p21-activated kinase 1. Gastroenterology, 2012, 143(1): 199-212.e4. [19] Yu FX, Zhang XL, Wang YP, et al. Gene polymorphisms of interleukin-28, p21-activated protein kinases 4, and response to interferon-alpha based therapy in Chinese patients with chronic hepatitis B. Chin Med J, 2013, 126(9): 1726-1731. [20] Loomba R, Friedman SL, Shulman GI. Mechanisms and disease consequences of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Cell, 2021, 184(10): 2537-2564. [21] Songtanin B, Nugent K. Burden, outcome, and comorbidities of extrahepatic manifestations in hepatitis C virus infection. Biology, 2022,12(1):23. [22] Ishida H, Li K, Yi M, et al. p21-activated kinase 1 is activated through the mammalian target of rapamycin/p70 S6 kinase pathway and regulates the replication of hepatitis C virus in human hepatoma cells. J Biol Chem, 2007, 282(16): 11836-11848. [23] Nguyen H, Sankaran S, Dandekar S. Hepatitis C virus core protein induces expression of genes regulating immune evasion and anti-apoptosis in hepatocytes. Virology, 2006, 354(1): 58-68. [24] Gao F, Qiu X, Wang K, et al. Targeting the hepatic microenvironment to improve ischemia/reperfusion injury: new insights into the immune and metabolic compartments. Aging Dis, 2022, 13(4): 1196-1214. [25] Mico CM, Casillas RA, Sanchez GA, et al. The role of neuregulin-1 in steatotic and non-steatotic liver transplantation from brain-dead donors. Biomedicines, 2022,10(5):978. [26] Dong Y, Cui C. The role of short-chain fatty acids in central nervous system diseases. Mol Cell Biochem, 2022,477(11): 2595-2607. [27] Martin K, Pritchett J, Llewellyn J, et al. PAK proteins and YAP-1 signalling downstream of integrin beta-1 in myofibroblasts promote liver fibrosis. Nat Commun, 2016, 7: 12502. [28] Romermann D, Ansari N, Schultz-Moreira AR, et al. Absence of Atg7 in the liver disturbed hepatic regeneration after liver injury. Liver Int, 2020, 40(5): 1225-1238. [29] Tumen D, Heumann P, Gulow K, et al. Pathogenesis and current treatment strategies of hepatocellular carcinoma. Biomedicines, 2022, 10(12) : 3202. [30] Best M, Gale ME, Wells CM. PAK-dependent regulation of actin dynamics in breast cancer cells. Int J Biochem Cell Biol, 2022, 146:106207. [31] Wang M, Zhang C, Zheng Q, et al. RhoJ facilitates angiogenesis in glioblastoma via JNK/VEGFR2 mediated activation of PAK and ERK signaling pathways. Int J Biol Sci, 2022, 18(3): 942-955. [32] Lei K, Luo M, Tu Z, et al. Comprehensive analysis of the prognostic implications and functional exploration of PAK gene family in human cancer. Cancer Cell Int, 2022, 22(1): 275. [33] Cao F, Yin LX. PAK1 promotes proliferation, migration and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma by facilitating EMT via directly up-regulating Snail. Genomics, 2020, 112(1): 694-702. [34] Ching YP, Leong VY, Lee MF, et al. P21-activated protein kinase is overexpressed in hepatocellular carcinoma and enhances cancer metastasis involving c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase activation and paxillin phosphorylation. Cancer Res, 2007, 67(8): 3601-3608. [35] Zhang JG, Zhou HM, Zhang X, et al. Hypoxic induction of vasculogenic mimicry in hepatocellular carcinoma: role of HIF-1 alpha, RhoA/ROCK and Rac1/PAK signaling. BMC cancer, 2020, 20(1): 32. [36] Zhang X, Wang T, Wang L, et al. MicroRNA-26a is a key regulon that inhibits progression and metastasis of c-Myc/EZH2 double high advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Lett, 2018, 426: 98-108. [37] Gao Z, Zhong M, Ye Z, et al. PAK3 promotes the metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma by regulating EMT process. J Cancer, 2022, 13(1): 153-161. [38] Lu SX, Zhang CZ, Luo RZ, et al. Zic2 promotes tumor growth and metastasis via PAK4 in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Lett, 2017, 402: 71-80. [39] Zhang DG, Gong CC, Wu XJ, et al. P21-activated kinase 5 potentiates the chemoresistant phenotype of liver cancer. Signal Transduct Target Ther, 2021, 6(1): 47. [40] Fang ZP, Jiang BG, Gu XF, et al. P21-activated kinase 5 plays essential roles in the proliferation and tumorigenicity of human hepatocellular carcinoma. Acta Pharmacol Sin, 2014, 35(1): 82-88. [41] Zhang DG, Zhang J, Mao LL, et al. p21-activated kinase 5 affects cisplatin-induced apoptosis and proliferation in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Tumour Biol, 2015, 36(5): 3685-3891. |