关键词: 慢性肝病, 肝硬化, 自身免疫性肝病, 生活质量, 对比分析

Abstract: Objective To investigate the quality of life (QoL) and its associated factors among patients with different types of chronic liver disease, and to provide evidence for comprehensive management and health promotion in this population. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted including 220 patients with chronic liver disease who underwent liver biopsy at Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, between April 2024 and March 2025. Demographic and clinical data were collected, including complete blood count and liver function tests. The Short Form-36 (SF-36) questionnaire was used to evaluate QoL. Patients were categorized into cirrhosis and non-cirrhosis groups, as well as autoimmune and non-autoimmune liver disease groups. Clinical characteristics and QoL scores were compared between groups, and factors associated with QoL were analyzed. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 21.0. Results Patients in the cirrhosis group were older than those in the non-cirrhosis group, with median ages of 54.5 (48.0, 62.5) years and 51.0 (39.0, 59.8) years, respectively (P=0.043). Compared with the non-cirrhosis group, patients with cirrhosis showed significantly lower hemoglobin (Hb) and platelet (PLT) levels, higher total bilirubin (TBil), lower albumin (Alb), and prolonged prothrombin time (PT), all with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). Compared with patients exhibiting mild inflammation (G0–2), those with moderate to severe inflammation (G3–4) showed significantly lower scores in physical functioning[75.0 (25.0, 100.0) vs. 75.0 (0.0, 100.0)] and mental health [78.0 (52.0, 87.0) vs. 65.0 (49.0, 80.0)] domains (P<0.05). In terms of quality of life, patients with cirrhosis had lower physical functioning scores than those without cirrhosis[50.0 (0.0, 93.8) vs. 75.0 (25.0, 100.0); P<0.05]. However, there were no statistically significant differences in any quality of life dimensions between patients with autoimmune liver diseases and those with non-autoimmune liver diseases (P>0.05). Conclusion QoL of patients with chronic liver diseases is negatively correlated with disease severity. Comprehensive assessment and management of QoL should be emphasized in clinical practice. Early multidimensional interventions and individualized treatment and nursing strategies are recommended to optimize outcomes and improve QoL in patients with chronic liver disease.

Key words: Chronic liver disease, Cirrhosis, Autoimmune liver disease, Quality of life, Comparative analysis