儿童代谢功能障碍相关脂肪性肝病的疾病负担与远期结局

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 代谢功能障碍相关脂肪性肝病(MASLD)目前已成为全球儿童与青少年最常见的慢性肝病之一。现有证据表明,儿童 MASLD 是贯穿全生命周期的系统性代谢疾病。儿童期发病者不仅可进展为代谢功能障碍相关脂肪性肝炎(MASH)、肝纤维化、肝硬化和终末期肝病,还与肥胖、胰岛素抵抗、2 型糖尿病、心血管代谢异常及心理健康问题密切相关,并可能增加成年后肝脏相关死亡和全因死亡风险。男性、肥胖、遗传易感性、不良生活方式和围产期暴露,是儿童 MASLD 发生和进展的重要危险因素。目前,儿童MASLD的管理仍面临早期筛查不足、风险分层不完善等挑战。以生活方式干预为核心、基于移动健康技术(mHealth)的学校-家庭-临床协同管理模式,可显著改善患儿体质量和肝脏相关指标,具有重要公共卫生意义。本文综述儿童 MASLD 的流行病学特征、远期结局、危险因素及管理进展,旨在为其早期识别、长期规范化管理和全生命周期防控策略的建立提供参考。

朱坤, 刘牧云. 儿童代谢功能障碍相关脂肪性肝病的疾病负担与远期结局[J]. 肝脏, 2026, 31(5): 609-615.

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