[1] 中华医学会肝病学分会脂肪肝和酒精性肝病学组, 中国医师协会脂肪性病专家委员会.非酒精性脂肪性肝病防治指南(2018更新版). 实用肝脏病杂志, 2018, 21:177-186. [2] Younossi ZM, Koenig AB, Abdelatif D, et al. Global epidemiology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease-Meta-analytic assessment of prevalence, incidence, and outcomes. Hepatology, 2016, 64: 73-84. [3] Leoni S, Tovoli F, Napoli L, et al. Current guidelines for the management of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review with comparative analysis. World J Gastroenterol, 2018, 24: 3361-3373. [4] Li T, Chiang JYL. Bile acid-based therapies for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and alcoholic liver disease. Hepatobiliary Surg Nutr, 2020, 9: 152-169. [5] Kremoser C. FXR agonists for NASH: How are they different and what difference do they make? J Hepatol, 2021, 75: 12-15. [6] Xi Y, Li H. Role of farnesoid X receptor in hepatic steatosis in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Biomed Pharmacother, 2020, 121: 109609. [7] Jadhav K, Xu Y, Xu Y, et al. Reversal of metabolic disorders by pharmacological activation of bile acid receptors TGR5 and FXR. Molecular metabolism, 2018, 9: 131-140. [8] Wu K, Zhao T, Hogstrand C, et al. FXR-mediated inhibition of autophagy contributes to FA-induced TG accumulation and accordingly reduces FA-induced lipotoxicity. Cell Commun Signal, 2020, 18: 47. [9] Kim YC, Seok S, Zhang Y, et al. Intestinal FGF15/19 physiologically repress hepatic lipogenesis?in the late fed-state by activating SHP and DNMT3A. Nat Commun, 2020, 11: 5969. [10] Zou A, Magee N, Deng F, et al. Hepatocyte nuclear receptor SHP suppresses inflammation and fibrosis in a mouse model of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. J Biol Chem, 2018, 293: 8656-8671. [11] Fiorucci S, Distrutti E, Carino A, et al. Bile acids and their receptors in metabolic disorders. Prog Lipid Res, 2021, 82: 101094 [12] Cyphert HA, Ge X, Kohan AB, et al. Activation of the farnesoid X receptor induces hepatic expression and secretion of fibroblast growth factor 21. The Journal of biological chemistry, 2012, 287: 25123-25138. [13] Wu L, Mo W, Feng J, et al. Astaxanthin attenuates hepatic damage and mitochondrial dysfunction in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by up-regulating the FGF21/PGC-1α pathway. Brit J Pharmacol, 2020, 177: 3760-3777. [14] Liu Q, Liu Y, Li F, et al. Probiotic culture supernatant improves metabolic function through FGF21-adiponectin pathway in mice. J Nutr Biochem, 2020, 75: 108256. [15] Goto T, Itoh M, Suganami T, et al. Obeticholic acid protects against hepatocyte death and liver fibrosis in a murine model of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Sci Rep, 2018, 8: 8157. [16] Fiorucci S, Biagioli M, Sepe V, et al. Bile acid modulators for the treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Expert Opin Investig Drugs, 2020, 29: 623-32. [17] Younossi ZM, Ratziu V, Loomba R, et al. Obeticholic acid for the treatment of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: interim analysis from a multicentre, randomised, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial. Lancet, 2019, 394: 2184-2196. [18] Harrison SA, Bashir MR, Lee KJ, et al. A structurally optimized FXR agonist, MET409, reduced liver fat content over 12 weeks in patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. J Hepatol, 2021, 75: 25-33. [19] Meixiong J, Vasavda C, Snyder SH, et al. MRGPRX4 is a G protein-coupled receptor activated by bile acids that may contribute to cholestatic pruritus. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 2019, 116: 10525-10530. |