宿主HBV特异性细胞免疫或是慢性乙型肝炎患者核苷(酸)类药物停药不复发和HBsAg清除的决定因素

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 接受核苷(酸)类药物(NAs)治疗的慢性乙型肝炎(CHB)患者往往需要终生服药。临床上常有患者因擅自停药引发病毒学反弹、肝炎复发,甚至出现急性肝功能衰竭和死亡。一些临床研究显示,基于规则的安全停药可使部分患者实现血清乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg)的清除,获得临床治愈。因此,能否通过按规则停用NAs治疗,实现部分优选人群的血清HBsAg清除,是目前临床面临的难题和热点问题。CHB患者宿主的抗病毒免疫通过清除感染病毒的肝细胞实现对病毒的控制,但不可避免地也造成了肝脏损伤。在CHB自然史中,病毒与宿主免疫系统的相互作用不仅推动疾病进展,也促进病毒不断被清除,直至完全抑制。这一过程中,宿主的抗HBV特异性细胞免疫发挥着重要的作用。本文将综述慢性乙型肝炎患者在NAs停药后的结局与其相关的病毒指标、炎症指标和宿主抗HBV特异性细胞免疫,以帮助安全停药及识别停药后HBsAg清除的患者。

关键词: 乙型肝炎病毒, 慢性乙型肝炎, 核苷(酸)治疗, 停药, 细胞免疫

蒋素贞, 王竞州, 陈香梅, 鲁凤民. 宿主HBV特异性细胞免疫或是慢性乙型肝炎患者核苷(酸)类药物停药不复发和HBsAg清除的决定因素[J]. 肝脏, 2025, 30(7): 889-892.

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