[1] Merli M. Nutrition in cirrhosis: Dos and Don'ts. J Hepatol, 2020, 73: 1563-1565.
[2] Wilson D, Jackson T, Sapey E, et al. Frailty and sarcopenia: The potential role of an aged immune system. Ageing Res Rev, 2017, 36: 1-10.
[3] Bunchorntavakul C, Reddy K R. Review article: malnutrition/sarcopenia and frailty in patients with cirrhosis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther, 2020, 51: 64-77.
[4] Müller M J, Böttcher J, Selberg O, et al. Hypermetabolism in clinically stable patients with liver cirrhosis. Am J Clin Nutr, 1999, 69: 1194-1201.
[5] Calmet F, Martin P, Pearlman M. Nutrition in Patients With Cirrhosis. Gastroenterol Hepatol (N Y) 2019, 15: 248-254.
[6] Dasarathy S, Merli M. Sarcopenia from mechanism to diagnosis and treatment in liver disease. J Hepatol, 2016, 65: 1232-1244.
[7] Qiu J, Thapaliya S, Runkana A, et al. Hyperammonemia in cirrhosis induces transcriptional regulation of myostatin by an NF-κB-mediated mechanism. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2013, 110: 18162-18167.
[8] Davuluri G, Allawy A, Thapaliya S, et al. Hyperammonaemia-induced skeletal muscle mitochondrial dysfunction results in cataplerosis and oxidative stress. J Physiol, 2016, 594: 7341-7360.
[9] Davuluri G, Krokowski D, Guan B J, et al. Metabolic adaptation of skeletal muscle to hyperammonemia drives the beneficial effects of l-leucine in cirrhosis. J Hepatol, 2016, 65: 929-937.
[10] Ebadi M, Bhanji R A, Mazurak V C, et al. Sarcopenia in cirrhosis: from pathogenesis to interventions. J Gastroenterol,2019, 54: 845-859.
[11] Wing S S, Lecker S H, Jagoe R T. Proteolysis in illness-associated skeletal muscle atrophy: from pathways to networks. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci, 2011, 48: 49-70.
[12] Tapper E B, Konerman M, Murphy S, et al. Hepatic encephalopathy impacts the predictive value of the Fried Frailty Index. Am J Transplant,2018, 18: 2566-2570.
[13] Sieber C C. Frailty - From concept to clinical practice. Exp Gerontol, 2017, 87: 160-167.
[14] Laube R, Wang H G, Park L, et al. Frailty in advanced liver disease. Liver Int, 2018, 38: 2117-2128.
[15] Solé C, Guilly S, Da Silva K, et al. Alterations in Gut Microbiome in Cirrhosis as Assessed by Quantitative Metagenomics: Relationship With Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure and Prognosis. Gastroenterology,2021, 160: 206-218.e213.
[16] Liver E a F T S O T. EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines on nutrition in chronic liver disease. J Hepatol, 2019, 70: 172-193.
[17] Alberino F, Gatta A, Amodio P, et al. Nutrition and survival in patients with liver cirrhosis. Nutrition,2001, 17: 445-450.
[18] Tandon P, Low G, Mourtzakis M, et al. A Model to Identify Sarcopenia in Patients With Cirrhosis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol,2016, 14: 1473-1480.e1473.
[19] Ebadi M, Wang C W, Lai J C, et al. Poor performance of psoas muscle index for identification of patients with higher waitlist mortality risk in cirrhosis. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle,2018, 9: 1053-1062.
[20] Fujiwara N, Nakagawa H, Kudo Y, et al. Sarcopenia, intramuscular fat deposition, and visceral adiposity independently predict the outcomes of hepatocellular carcinoma. J Hepatol, 2015, 63: 131-140.
[21] Kalafateli M, Mantzoukis K, Choi Yau Y, et al. Malnutrition and sarcopenia predict post-liver transplantation outcomes independently of the Model for End-stage Liver Disease score. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle, 2017, 8: 113-121.
[22] Cruz-Jentoft A J, Bahat G, Bauer J, et al. Sarcopenia: revised European consensus on definition and diagnosis. Age Ageing, 2019, 48: 601.
[23] 中华医学会骨质疏松和骨矿盐疾病分会. 肌少症共识. 中华骨质疏松和骨矿盐疾病杂志, 2016, 9: 215-227.
[24] Carey E J, Lai J C, Wang C W. A multicenter study to define sarcopenia in patients with end-stage liver disease. Liver Transpl, 2017, 23: 625-633.
[25] Ebadi M, Tandon P, Moctezuma-Velazquez C, et al. Low subcutaneous adiposity associates with higher mortality in female patients with cirrhosis. J Hepatol, 2018, 69: 608-616.
[26] Tachi Y, Kozuka A, Hirai T, et al. Impact of myosteatosis on skeletal muscle volume loss in patients with chronic liver disease. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2018,
[27] Fried LP, Tangen C M, Walston J, et al. Frailty in older adults: evidence for a phenotype. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 2001, 56: M146-156.
[28] Mitnitski AB, Mogilner AJ, Rockwood K. Accumulation of deficits as a proxy measure of aging. Sci World J, 2001, 1: 323-336.
[29] Lok AS, Tandon P, Tangri N, et al. A Rapid Bedside Screen to Predict Unplanned Hospitalization and Death in Outpatients With Cirrhosis: A Prospective Evaluation of the Clinical Frailty Scale. Hepatology, 2016, 111: 1759-1767.
[30] Buganza-Torio E, Mitchell N, Abraldes JG, et al. Depression in cirrhosis - a prospective evaluation of the prevalence, predictors and development of a screening nomogram. Aliment Pharmacol Ther, 2019, 49: 194-201.
[31] Labenz C, Toenges G, Schattenberg JM, et al. Health-related quality of life in patients with compensated and decompensated liver cirrhosis. Eur J Intern Med, 2019, 70: 54-59.
[32] Fan H, Zhu JH. A novel frailty index improves risk prediction of waitlist mortality over the model for end-stage liver disease score alone. Hepatology, 2018, 67: 2059.
[33] Pang S, Ali A, Coombes JS, et al. Identifying an Optimal Liver Frailty Index Cutoff to Predict Waitlist Mortality in Liver Transplant Candidates. Clin Transplant, 2020, 73: 1132-1139.
[34] Lai JC, Rahimi RS, Verna EC, et al. Frailty Associated With Waitlist Mortality Independent of Ascites and Hepatic Encephalopathy in a Multicenter Study. Gastroenterology,2019, 156: 1675-1682.
[35] Haugen C E, Mcadams-Demarco M, Holscher C M, et al. Multicenter Study of Age, Frailty, and Waitlist Mortality Among Liver Transplant Candidates. Liver Transpl,2020, 271: 1132-1136. |
