2015年至2023年北京佑安医院肝移植患者流行病学特征

肝脏 ›› 2025, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (11): 1542-1545.

2015年至2023年北京佑安医院肝移植患者流行病学特征

武羽, 段小宛, 徐曼曼, 王文玲, 陈煜

100069 北京首都医科大学附属北京佑安医院肝病中心四科,肝衰竭与人工肝治疗研究北京市重点实验室(武羽,徐曼曼,王文玲,陈煜),医保办(段小宛)

收稿日期:2024-11-09 出版日期:2025-11-30 发布日期:2026-02-09
通讯作者: 陈煜,Email:chybeyond1071@ccmu.edu.cn
作者简介:共同第一作者:段小宛
基金资助:
高层次公共卫生技术人才建设项目资助(学科带头人-01-12);北京市医院管理中心“登峰”计划专项经费资助(DFL20221501);国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC2304402)

Epidemiological characteristics of liver transplantation patients at Beijing You’an Hospital from 2015 to 2023

WU Yu^1,2, DUAN Xiao-wan³, XU Man-man^1,2, WANG Wen-ling^1,2, CHEN Yu^1,2

1. Fourth Department of Liver Disease, Beijing You′an Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China;
2. Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Liver Failure and Artificial Liver Treatment Research, Beijing 100069, China;
3. Medical Insurance Office, Beijing You′an Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China

Received:2024-11-09 Online:2025-11-30 Published:2026-02-09
Contact: CHEN Yu,Email:chybeyond1071@ccmu.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的分析肝移植患者流行病学特征及其变化趋势。方法收集北京佑安医院2015年至2023年行肝移植手术患者的流行病学信息,应用Man-Kendall趋势检验分析年龄、性别、住院天数、肝移植适应证、肝病病因的逐年变化。结果 1 118例肝移植患者中,男性876例(78.4%);平均年龄52.1岁,41~60岁患者居多;来源外省市占678例(60.6%);平均住院天数26.5 d,且呈逐年下降趋势(Z=-3.232,P=0.001)。肝恶性肿瘤(46.5%)、肝硬化失代偿期(24.3%)为肝移植的主要适应证,其次是慢加急性肝衰竭(15.2%)、慢性肝衰竭(6.2%);急性/亚急性肝衰竭占6.5%,且呈逐年增加趋势(Z=2.398,P=0.017)。乙型肝炎仍然为慢性肝病主要病因(55.5%),其次为酒精性肝病(17.7%)、隐源性肝病(8.1%)、自身免疫性肝病(6.0 %)、乙型肝炎+酒精性肝病(5.8%)。乙型肝炎的比例逐年下降(Z=-2.189,P=0.029),而酒精性肝病的比例呈显著上升趋势(Z=2.819, P=0.005)。结论男性,41～60岁是肝移植重点人群,以肝恶性肿瘤、肝硬化失代偿期等终末期肝病为主,乙型肝炎占比呈逐年减少趋势,而酒精性肝病呈逐年增加趋势。

关键词: 肝移植, 流行病学, 适应证, 病因

Abstract: Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristics and trends of liver transplantation, and to provide evidence-based medical data for the treatment and management of liver transplantation. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the epidemiological data of patients who underwent liver transplantation at Beijing You′an Hospital from 2015 to 2023. The Man-Kendall trend test was used to analyze the annual changes in age, gender, length of hospital stay, indications for liver transplantation, and causes of liver disease. Results Among 1,118 liver transplant patients, 876 were male (78.4%). The average age was 52.1 years, with the majority of patients aged between 41 and 60 years. 678 patients (60.6%) came from outside Beijing. The average length of hospital stay was 26.5 days, which showed a significant yearly decrease (Z=-3.232, P=0.001). The main indications for liver transplantation were liver malignancies (46.5%) and decompensated cirrhosis (24.3%), followed by acute-on-chronic liver failure (15.2%) and chronic liver failure (6.2%). Acute/subacute liver failure accounted for 6.5%, showing a significant increasing trend over the years (Z=2.398, P=0.017). Hepatitis B remained the leading cause of chronic liver disease (55.5%), followed by alcoholic liver disease (17.7%), cryptogenic liver disease (8.1%), autoimmune liver disease (6.0%), and hepatitis B + alcoholic liver disease (5.8%). Longitudinal analysis revealed a decreasing trend in the proportion of hepatitis B (Z=-2.189, P=0.029), while the proportion of alcoholic liver disease showed a significant increasing trend (Z=2.819, P=0.005). Conclusion Males and individuals aged 41~60 years represent the main population for liver transplantation patients, with liver malignancies and decompensated cirrhosis as the primary indications. Although hepatitis B remains the major cause of chronic liver disease, its proportion has decreased annually, while alcoholic liver disease has shown a significant increase.

Key words: Liver transplantation, Epidemiology, Indications, Etiology

武羽, 段小宛, 徐曼曼, 王文玲, 陈煜. 2015年至2023年北京佑安医院肝移植患者流行病学特征[J]. 肝脏, 2025, 30(11): 1542-1545.

WU Yu, DUAN Xiao-wan, XU Man-man, WANG Wen-ling, CHEN Yu. Epidemiological characteristics of liver transplantation patients at Beijing You’an Hospital from 2015 to 2023[J]. Chinese Hepatolgy, 2025, 30(11): 1542-1545.

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